The settlement complex of Aquincum has been the subject of archaeological research for more than 150 years and as a result, different elements of the complex became well known. Such as the legionary camp and the late Roman fortress that gave outstanding military importance to the region from 89 AD until the end of Roman rule (beginning of the 5th century AD). The presence of the Legion II Adiutrix made a deep impact on the infrastructure, and also on the cultural, and social background of the military town (canabae). The late Roman fortress with its huge, safe-giving walls protected both the soldiers and the civilians contributing to keeping the population in the city. Aquincum was the capital of the province Pannonia Inferior from the beginning of the 2nd century, so residential building (or maybe buildings?) for the governors was built at the edge of the canabae. New results about the periods since the 1940s excavated governor's palace will be presented in the paper.The civil settlement emerged about 2 km north of the first legionary camp. It started as a small vicus in the last quarter of the 1st century AD and developed into a municipium with a regular street pattern, forum- area, and public buildings in the early 120s AD. The most flourishing period came with the rank of colonia in AD 194 and the town continued to prosper until the end of the 3rd century AD when it was gradually abandoned. The paper will focus on the topography, history, and the latest results of the archaeological research of Aquincum - the capital of the province Pannonia Inferior - illustrating the development of one of the most important strongholds along the Danube limes.