Public baths constitute a unique category in the landscape of the Roman Empire, with over a thousand buildings recorded by archaeology, scattered around both in the Italic Peninsula and the numerous provinces. They were neither religious nor administrative buildings, but they embody a practice that spread and took hold over a long period of more than seven centuries, in an uneven but unbroken movement across frontiers, reaching the farthest confines of the empire, and enduring in modified ways well beyond that age. From the first centuries of the common era, public bathing became a regular, even daily, activity in the life of the inhabitants of that vast territory, combining many aspects of the Roman way of life, relying as it did on the new architectural models and technical advances that made building their edifices possible, but also introducing new elements in the social interactions of their patrons. The mixed, unpredictable nature of that clientele and the unofficial status of baths as public buildings, unlike forums and temples, provide a rich universe for researchers interested in studying cultural contact in a provincial context. Many local ethnic and cultural traits and beliefs were at odds with the Roman norm. A process of adaptation had to take place, with local decisions directly impacting the modified version of what was nevertheless still perceived as a Roman bath. No two provinces present the same set of characteristics. At the intersection of the Roman canons for public bathing and the local habits (or lack thereof) lie our object of interest. Cultures meet, clash, and intermingle to varying degrees. Roman Palestine is no exception. An inventory of the more than one hundred structures, partial or complete, recorded by archaeology in the region presents a picture of enthusiastic, if filtered, adoption, by at least a significant part of that population, attested by an extensive geographic spread and translated into great diversity of choices.